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King Henri IV

King Henri IV was born at Pau in Bearn on December 13, 1553. Raised by his mother, Jeane d'Albret (Queen of Navarre), Henri was brought up in a remote castle in the Pyrenees. He grew up amongst the peasant children of that area and raised on a diet of bread, cheese, and garlic.

As a youngster Henri was brought up in the Protestant faith, which was the opposite of his father's wishes. As result, Henri was taken to Paris on his father's orders and given a Catholic tutor. However, he stubbornly refused to attend Mass. Consequently, after the death of his father, Henri was once again instructed by a Protestant tutor. By the age of ten, Henri had already changed religions twice.

Remaining in Paris, Henri attended classes at the College de Navarre. Gradually he learned to speak and write fluent Latin and Greek, and he had managed to attain some Spanish and Italian. In 1567 Henri reestablished himself in Pau, reuniting with his mother and sister Catherine. His education was continued, this time including fencing and military arts.

Five years later, after an outbreak of several religious wars, the marriage between Henri and the reining king's sister, Marguerite de Valois (a Catholic), was arranged so as to bring tempo


In conclusion, King Henri IV was one of the greatest rulers that French monarchy ever saw. King Henri worked for the rights of the citizens. He took responsibility and stood up for himself throughout his life. As Mme de Stael wrote, "He was the most French of all French kings."

The help of Henri of Navarre made it once again possible for Henri III to recover his lost powers. Together the pair soon controlled the entire area between the Loire and the Seine. On July 30 he besieged Paris with an army of 40,000. On the peak of this achievement, the king was stabbed by Dominican friar, Jacques Clement. Henry III died that night after ordering his followers to take an oath of allegiance to Henri of Navarre.

Henry IV was now fully accepted as king of France. He now had to work at rebuilding his ruined kingdom. Henri's first concern was to tame the nobility. Then he paid off the national debt by redeeming mortgaged crown revenues and increasing the yield from taxation. Next, he encouraged agriculture, for he knew that it was where France prospered. By 1608, France was exporting grain. Also, waterways and canals were dug, and roads were repaired. In 1601 a Chamber of Commerce was founded, which encouraged horse breeding, linen manufacture, ship building, glass blowing, etc. Mineral resources were scientifically investigated, and Henry created the office of Grand Master of the Mines. Meanwhile, a treaty was with Turkey was managed which obtained valuable facilities in the Levant for French merchants, while there were commercial treaties with England and the German Hansa.

As result, Henri by name became king of France. However, Henri was refused loyalty by most of his subjects on account that he had been excommunicated and that he was Catholic. Only a mere sixth of France supported Henri. His only source of the reconciliation of loyalty, he soon found, would to be to appeal to those who preferred peace rather than religious war.



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Approximate Word count = 1432
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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