America. Some of the biggest changes, however, happened in the minds of

many and in the writings of many philosophers. These included some of

the beliefs of David Hume, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, and

Francois Voltaire. Writers during this time focused on optimism, which

is the opinion to do everything for the best (Chaney 119), and the best

for these philosophers was to stretch the minds of the ordinary.

David Hume was Scottish and was born on April 26, 1711 and died

in 1776. He states that he was not born into a rich family and was born

into the Calvinist Presbyterian Church. However, after being influenced

by the works of Isaac Newton and John Locke he began to draw back from

the Church. He writes in Enquiry, "The idea of God, as meaning an

infinitely intelligent, wise and good Being, arises from reflecting on

the operations of our own mind, and augmenting, without limit, those

qualities of goodness and wisdom." (Pomerleau 214) The questions he

brought up against religion were that concrete experiences must lead us

understand and thought about forever. He did not want to turn to God as

and the death penalty should only be carried out only when an individual

little towards philosophy. In addition to his thinking, he also spent a

Hume and Rousseau and rethought his aspects of science and shifted a

knowledge that is prior to experiences, but he also states that not

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Approximate Word count = 1564
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)