During the Middle Ages, church and state leaders had many battles.

Some who were involved were Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich IV and Pope

Gregory VIII; King II and Archbishop Thomas Becket; King Philip IV and

Pope Boniface VIII. Their situations were all related by the fact that they

were all controversies between an emperor or king and the Catholic church.

The Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich (Henry) IV and Pope Gregory

VIII's struggle was centered on by investiture. Henry invested many bishops

at his own will even though Gregory had banned investiture by laity. Henry

felt his investiture of bishops was necessary to the control of his kingdom, so

he kept on doing it. Gregory responded to this by excommunicating Henry.

Henry later apologized and received the Pope's forgiveness. Out of

humiliation, he chased Gregory out of Rome and elected a new pope.

King Henry II made his close and dear friend Thomas Becket

Philip just ignored Boniface's bull yet once more. Before Boniface could

always in higher power than the reigning king or emperor. Boniface issued a

threatened him with excommunication. Thomas Becket was later named a

independence and rights of the church. In 1170, Becket was killed during a

etc.) and spiritual (God) and that spiritual is always higher than earthly.

Anagni in 1803. The people of Anagni eventually saved Boniface, but the

ry in hopes that since he and his friend were so

Some common words found in the essay are:
Boniface VIII, Gregory VIII's, Instead Becket, Unam Sanctum, Boniface Pope, Philip Philip's, Thomas Becket, Henry Henry, Archbishop Canterbury, Philip Philip, thomas becket, iv pope, holy roman emperor, king philip iv, holy roman, king philip, emperor heinrich, roman emperor, pope gregory, philip iv, iv pope gregory, roman emperor heinrich, boniface viii, boniface issued, boniface issued bull,
Approximate Word count = 767
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)