Nuclear Arms Control in India and the ABM Treaty
1. There would be several advantages for the Government of India by adhering to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). For instance, adhering would ease international pressures spearheaded by the United States, Great Britain, and France. As India is just starting to become a nuclear power of its own, the already nuclear "powers that be" want to use India as an example to the rest of the world. As more countries become nuclear, they should sign the CTBT and follow the footsteps of the rest of the world powers. Another advantage of adhering to the CTBT is that Pakistan will also sign if India signs. (N.B. with the stipulation that the US ratifies the treaty) If Pakistan adheres; it will be easier for the Indian government to use information obtained by national means of verification "in a manner consistent with generally recognized principles of international law, including that of respect for the sovereignty of States." (CTBT Article IV #5) This means that India will be able to see how much Pakistan is adhering to the stipulations of CTBT. There are however, several disadvantages of adhering to the CTBT. For instance, if India does not adhere, the government keeps
2. If the United States were to build their Anti Ballistic Missile system (ABM) in North America, it would be a clear violation of the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty signed in 1972, thus forcing the U.S withdrawal from the treaty. The U.S. government point of view has been that the new ABM system will be focused on shooting down limited attacks from "rogue" nuclear states, considered to be North Korea, Iran, and possibly Iraq. This possible ABM system has Russia in an uproar. There are definite fears throughout the Russian government if the U.S. builds this ABM system. For instance, with this new ABM system, the United States would have a distinct advantage in the nuclear arms division. The U.S. could possibly have a distinct first strike capability, which would be remarkably efficient. This is a valid fear among Russian officials. The U.S. could hypothetically launch first against the Russians. Russia would then launch in retaliation to the attack. With the new ABM system set up, the United States could (hypothetically) shoot down a good number of the incoming ICBMs, absorb a diminished attack, then launch again with another arsenal of nuclear missiles. The United States takes a few hits in one attack whereas Russia takes the full brunt of two attacks. on testing; Pakistan would match test for test. Both countries have been at odds with each other for a while. When India tested a nuclear explosion, Pakistan answered immediately with a test of their own. If India does not adhere they would be put in a costly and possibly deadly arms race with the Pakistani government. Defense
Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 1079
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)
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