In recent years, increasing awareness of exploitation of indigenous culture and intellectual property has led to recognition of the need for more effective protection of indigenous rights in Australia. Aborigines, the indigenous people of Australia, are severely disadvantaged in terms of poverty, poor health, over-representation in the prisons, employment opportunity, and housing. There have been many reports, inquires and decisions about the need for more effective protection for indigenous culture. Although there has been relatively little progress in providing better protection, a number of recent developments have increased momentum.
The Mabo decision and Native Title Act, 1993 established a basis for the recognition of the Aboriginal People's special attachments to Australia. The judgment found that a native title to land existed in 1788 and may continue to exist provided it has not been extinguished by subse
Part of the housing problem is associated with the employment and economic status of Aboriginal Australians. Aboriginal people are the most disadvantaged identifiable group within Australian society. The unemployment rate is an estimated twenty-six percent, as against an eight percent rate for the general Australian community. Indigenous incomes are approximately two-thirds the Australian average. Based on the 1996 Census data, the growth in jobs for Aborigines, is unlikely to keep pace with the rise in the indigenous working age population.
Despite full citizenship, the expenditure of much money and effort and twenty-five years of benign government policies, the material circumstances of many Aboriginal people have remained poor by all the standard social indicators. Their life circumstances are often a shock to those who have not seen them before and for those familiar with them the problems can seem intractable
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