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However, the researchers neglected to include into their research the effects of extrafamilial factors (friends, peers, teachers, etc.) on the cognitive skills of these children. If these factors were not overlooked, the research may have proven that the environment does indeed influence cognitive development. Without this research, as it stands now, it is concluded that the greatest influence on cognitive development is solely attributed to genetics. In light of this particular perspective, the article is incomplete. On the other hand, with the limited experimentation of the research, the article is very accurate and effective. The scientists recorded their information onto graphs, and the testing was in a controlled environment. The explanation of the experiment was very thorough. Imagine an experiment in which a scientist decides to separate identical twins at birth an put them in different environments. What would the result be? Recently, a similar issue has surfaced. In the article, "Nature Clones," Jill Neimark focuses in on twins that are separated at birth and reunited in their later years. These twins have since then been under evaluation. One particular pair, Barbara Herbert and Daphne Goodship, have bee
differences between and within families are not as important as people have thought in *Daulton, Thomas Beyond Heredity and Environment. Boulder: Westview Press 1995 Plomin, Robert and McClearn, Gerald E. Nature Nurture & Psychology Washington: American Psychological Association 1993 Due to Plomin's research, he left open the possibility that the environment can have influence over cognitive development. Another study focused on the parent-child relationship. By concentrating on the discrete behaviors of the parent and properties of the environment, important discoveries concerning cognitive development were made. Certain environmental influences were detected, depending on the way the parent provides stimulation (visual and auditory), and the extent to which the parent is responsive to the child's needs (Yarrow 156). Some environmental variables were found to be "highly related to certain infant cognitive skills such as responsiveness and secondary circular reaction"(Yarrow 157). However, in the article, Neimark speculates that the "Minnesota twin sample" is just one case, and researchers may have overlooked some good points: not all twins in the world participated in this study and there is only a select number that the researchers concluded their results from (Neimark 43). Moreover, it has been proven that not all identical twins are truly identical, or share the same genetic traits. This type of information should be taken into consideration in the Minnesota twin experiment (Neimark 43). Thus, the information found reguarding this experiment may be considered inaccurate. Also, due to the previously mentioned representative anecdote, there seems to be an exaggerated appeal within this article. Neimark, Jill Nature's Clones Psycology Today July August 1997 p. 39 of the importance of the family in child-rearing. Our findings suggest that the subtle
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Approximate Word count = 1673
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)
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