Cloning
Since the late seventies scientists have been cloning mammals using cells taken from embryos. In July 1996, medical history was made when a sheep named Dolly was cloned. The only thing that set Dolly the sheep apart from the other clones was that she was cloned from an adult sheep cell. Before Dolly was cloned, scientists thought adult cell cloning was impossible. A clone is defined as a group of genetically identical cells. The goals and purposes for cloning range from making copies of those that have deceased to better engineering the offspring in humans and animals. Cloning could also offer a means of curing diseases. Cloning has many benefits that could be used as an aid to the human race, but there is also the ethical debate over cloning. Many people believe it will do damage to mankind. Some feel it is against God's will, while others fear deformity and emotional stress in the human clone. Despite the ongoing debate, cloning produces many advances for the human race.Cloning has already made advances from the cloning animals. Embryo splitting was developed in the eighties and is used by ranchers and livestock breeders. Through this process, farmers can twin their best animals and plants for better production
Conditions of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, degenerative joint disease, and many others could be cured by the use of cloning. Tissues and organs could be cloned by using embryonic stem cells to take place of the damaged tissues and organs. human skin is already being grown in laboratories to use on people who have been severely burned. The damaged skin can be replaced by a human's healthy skin to provide a skin graft. There is no risk of the patient's immune system rejecting the skin. Scientists can grow skin more easily than other tissues and organs because skin cells are able to divide and produce new cells better than others. Researchers are attempting to solve this problem by "reprogramming" cells to help them divide easier. They would then be able provide nerve cells for spinal injury victims or muscle cells for heart attack patients. "Benefits of Human Cloning" says that cancer could also be cured through the cloning technique. The cloning of animals could also take many creatures off of the endangered species list. By cloning the endangered animals, they could be saved from destruction and increase their population. "Medical Benefits of Cloning" said that many animals are also being bred to provide organs for organ transplant patients. They are bred using the transgenic technique, to minimize the risk of rejection by the patient's body. Pig's hearts are often being transplanted in place of a human's diseased heart. Donor pigs with human DNA could provide stronger hearts for humans in need of a transplant (1). Breeding these animals could aid in the small number of organs that are available today. The same procedures used to clone animals could also be used to clone humans. . "The Future of Cloning" states that "Mammalian cloning research would allow genetic manipulation to produce animals that are disease resistant" (1). Cloning techniques are also being used
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Approximate Word count = 1297
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)
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