Calkins entered Smith College in 1882 as a sophomore, but left the following spring when her sister became ill and died. She remained home the following academic year, studying Greek and tutoring two of her younger brothers. Calkins re-entered Smith College in the fall of 1984 with senior standing and graduated the following spring with a degree concentrated in classics and philosophy. (Johnson, 1997)

After Calkins graduation from Smith, she spent a year studying social and economic issues with a women's organization called th

Outside her academic life Calkins interested herself in the Consumers' League, the American Civil Liberties Union, pacifism, socialism, and the cause of Sacco and Vanzetti as well as being a devout Christian. One of Calkins' students described her as "the most perfectly integrated personality I have ever known . . . Her philosophy, ethics, religion, psychology, and daily life were harmonious" (Johnson, 1997)

Besides studying with William James, Calkins, also in the fall of 1890, began studying unofficially with Edmund Sanford at Clark University in his psychology laboratory. (Johnson, 1997) With Sanford, Calkins began a study of dreams which concluded " 'in general the persons, places and events of recent sense perception' and that the dream is rarely 'associated with that which is of paramount significance in one's waking experience.'" These conclusions were soon buried by Freud's dream research, but Calkins took pride in anticipating several of Freud's findings such as Calkins and Sanford documented that all people dream although they may not remember it upon waking. Calkins presented her report on the dream study at the first meeting of the American Psychological Association (APA) the same year.

Arens, Katherine, Between Hypatia and Beauvoir: philosophy as discourse. Hypatia, 09-22-1995, pp 46(30).

Sharing the Profits (1888), during this period (Johnson, 1997). The following year, Calkins, and her family went on a journey to Europe where Calkins attended Leipzig University for a short while and studied with Wilhelm Wundt. (McHenry, 1995). The Calkins family traveled on to Greece where Mary studied Modern Greek (Johnson, 1997).

Calkins' work earned her many honors. In James Cattell's American Men of Science Calkins was ranked twelfth among fifty top psychologists. In 1905, Calkins became the first woman to be elected president of the APA. Calkins was also elected president of the American Philosophical Association in 1918. She is one of three people and the only woman to hold the presidency of both the APA and of the American Philosophical Association. Columbia University and Smith College granted her honorary doctorates. Calkins was the first woman made an honorary member of the British Psychological Association in 1928 (Johnson, 1997 and Cocker, et.al., 1997).

Calkins entered Harvard in the fall of 1890 and studied with William James. Within a few weeks after the semester began, all the other students in James' psychology program dropped out and Calkins

Some common words found in the essay are:
Professor Sanford, Harvard Corporation, Smith College, Book Psychology, Wellesley Calkins, Christian Calkins', Principles Psychology, Introduction Psychology, Crocker Howard, Sanford Calkins, johnson 1997, calkins 1930, johnson 1997 calkins, 1997 calkins, 1995 calkins, 2 2000, psychology calkins, retrieved 2 2000, mary whiton, retrieved 2, world wide web, smith college, mchenry 1995, 2000 world wide, mchenry 1995 calkins,
Approximate Word count = 1685
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)