Levels of Processing and Memory

A detailed Summary of Levels of Processing and Memory


Craik and Lockhart (1972) developed a theory in which

they discussed the levels of processing. The theory states,

the more a word is processed, due to its meaning, the

better the word is retained. In our experiment we presented

subjects with a yes or no question pertaining to the meaning of a word or the appearance of a word and then measured their reaction time. Subjects were then asked to recall as many words that they could remember, results showed that there was a significant difference in reaction times and the number of words that were recalled.

According to Dewey Rundus (1971) the more an item is rehearsed, the higher the probability the item will be remembered. Herman Ebbinghaus (1885) concluded that in order to remember and learn items we must repeat them. He developed the nonsense syllable, which is a word that is composed of two consonants with a vowel in between. A nonsense syllable could not be a real word (would not be found in the dictionary). Ebbinghaus wanted to minimize the effects of association that have already been made with words that we are familiar with. Using nonsense syllables he determined that frequency of appearance is directly


Linden, R. (1996). Theories and Systems of Psychology.



Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 1214
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)

Category: Science

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