Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1856 in Freiburg. The town of Freiburg later became Pribor and was eventually absorbed into the modern state of Czechoslovakia. Freud's father, name Jakob Freud was a Jewish wool merchant. Freud's mother Amalie Nathanson was from Galicia. She was Jakob's second wife. Sigmund had eight brothers and sisters in all. Two of which were from Jakob's first marriage. The other six were from Amelia. His first influences to science were when he heard lectures on Goethe. In 1873 he applied to the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Vienna, here was where he changed his name from Sigismund to Sigmund. He earned is doctorate in medicine and worked as a research assistant under Ernst Von Brucke, as a neurologist. In 1882, Freud became interested in the effects and benefits of cocaine. He spent long hours reco

Freud sought to break down childhood into four basic periods of conflict. Anxiety occurs if the needs of the child are not met. The first stage would be the oral stage, which is from birth to the age one. So named because of the fact that the newborn gains all stimuli and nourishment by the mouth through breast-feeding. The second stage is the anal stage. It is after the oral stage until the third year of the newborn's life. Named thus because of the conflict of learning to be toilet trained. The phallic or third stage finds the child facing the Oedipus complex. Oedipus was a mythological man in Greek history. He was born not knowing who is mother was and later in life he fell in love with his mother and she convinced him to kill his father. He then cut out his eyes in self-denial. Freud suggests that everyone has the urge to sleep with their mother and kill their father (a bit odd). In the phallic stage the female learns about the absence of a penis (the first signs of penis envy). Thus considering herself inferior and spends the rest of her life feeling inferior. The conflict during the phallic stage involves masturbation and narcissism. The last and most mature stage is the genital period. Here the child learns about the opposite sex and pleasure comes not from self-gratification but understanding the needs of another.

rding the effects they had on his body. These studies hurt his status as a scientist because other scientists already documented the harmful effects cocaine has on the body. In 1886 Freud started his first office

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