changing the genetic material -- the DNA code -- in a living organism. This code contains

all the information, stored in a long chain chemical molecule, which determines the

nature of the organism. Apart from identical twins, genetic make-up is unique to each

individual. Individual genes are particular sections of this chain, spaced out along it,

which determine the characteristics and functions of our body. Defects of individual

genes can cause a malfunction in the metabolism of the body, and are the roots of many

In a sense, man has been using genetic engineering for thousands of years. We

weren't changing DNA molecules directly, but we were guiding the selection of genes.

For example the domestication of plants and animals.

Recombinant DNA technology is the newest form of genetic engineering, which

involves the manipulation of DNA on the molecular level. This is a totally new process

based on the science of molecular biology, a relatively new science only forty years old.

It represents a major increase in our a

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Approximate Word count = 2931
Approximate Pages = 12 (250 words per page double spaced)