cancer

A detailed Summary of cancer


Good morning ladies and gentlemen, my colleagues and I have called you in at such short notice because we need to discuss a patient who was brought to our attention earlier this week. The patient presented with rapidly progressing lymphadenopathy, subsequent examination lymph nodes congested with many small B-lymphocytes. The B-lymphocytes showed a significant chromosomal aberration in the form a 14;18 translocation. The patient has been diagnosed with lymphoma and has been prescribed an immediate course of chemotherapy. This morning's presentation will include a short description of the cell cycle and how and where certain checkpoints of genomic integrity function. My colleagues Associate Professor Cath and Dr Lucia will then explain the steps involved in contracting lymphoma with regards to the chromosomal translocation and its implications.

The cell cycle is broken functionally into 4 sections, Growth 1, Interphase, Growth 2 and the Mitotic Phase. During Interphase the cell goes about replicating DNA in preparation for Mitosis.


In order to protect the integrity of the cellular genome a number of checkpoints are present which can halt the cell cycle, and if necessary, induce apoptosis. Apoptosis, or programmed cell suicide, involves the synthesis of enzymes like BAX, which bring about the death of the cell within a matter of minutes. Apoptosis is induced either when a cell is no longer required, for example extra lymphocytes formed to fight an infection once that infection has been overcome, or when irreparable damage has been detected in the genome. To ensure there isn't random cell suicide, so-called survival genes such as BCL-2 prevent apoptosis unless a specific series of events takes place. However as you can imagine, overproduction of such a gene produces a cell of exceptional fortitude, which can make for a considerable danger if combined with certain genetic errors, as we will hear from (CATH OR LUCIA)

Perhaps the most important checkpoint is the p53 protein. The gene encoding the p53 protein is the most common mutation in all human cancers. In re

Some common words found in the essay are:
Mitosis Growth, CATH LUCIA, Enoch Norbury, B-lymphocytes B-lymphocytes, , Dr Lucia, BCL-2 Errors, Phase Interphase, Dr Lucia/Cath, growth 1, cell cycle, dna damage, Interphase Growth, survival genes bcl-2, p53 protein, cell suicide, genes bcl-2, growth 2, survival genes, cell past, mitotic phase, growth 1 phase,

Approximate Word count = 705
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)

Category: Science

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