Chapter 2 Setup procedure before purification

Chapter 3 Gathering of an unknown compound and the first step: filtration

Collection and measuring of crude sample

Chapter 5 Evaluation methods for purity

Chapter 6 Frequently asked Questions and trouble shooting

To begin, the intent of this booklet is to give instructional advice. The instructions given will provide a basis to allow an individual to perform the necessary task to undergo the purification process. The design of the manual is to instruct students in a college laboratory setting. In particular, the area of science that the manual will focus on is Organic Chemistry. Students will be able to refer to this instruction guide throughout

WARNING: OVER FILTRATION WILL CAUSE THE SAMPLE TO DISSOLVE. BE CAREFUL!

Allow enough time for the crystals to grow in the ice bath before collection of the crystals. Now the student should use the air stream setup to evaporate the rest of the solvent. The micropipette should have a slow stream of air coming out of it. Place the pipette above the liquid and allow it to blow onto it until all the solution is completely gone. After this procedure, the student should once again begin to carefully remove all the solid crystals from the flask. Try to get as much as possible. Allow time for the sample to sit and dry as well. The student should record the weight of the purified sample and place it in safe place for further tests. This would be a perfect time for the student to perform more calculations on the purified sample.

A: Keep scratching the glass using the rod. Or try and place the flask in the ice bath earlier, that may induce crystal formation. If nothing happens the solution have been solvated too much to allow the crystals to reform.

WARNING: DO NOT TRY TO CLEAN UP CHEMICALS WITHOUT NOTIFYING THE INSTRUCTOR

For any experiment to have the proper results, cleaning and sterilization is critical part of preparation. The best way to have the glassware cleaned is to steam clean the many pieces in a autoclave or a dishwasher. This may be done in advance by the instructor or the students. It is also good practice to clean the equipment by hand, even after it has come out of a machine cleaner. The funnel and the filter paper must also be free of any impurities so that it will not reflect in the result. Because the purification process is so important, there has to be a high standard of cleanliness for all the tools that the student will use.

Above all else, it is important to take all the proper methods to be safe in the laboratory. All Students must wear safety goggles at all time in the lab. It would also be a good idea to wear pants and shoes in case of spillage. Also, the student might also consider wearing gloves, but the instructor will notify the student if the chemicals require a student to wear gloves. It is also important that all safety related issues be reported to the instructor immediately.

Once the chemical reaction are complete and the experimental procedures are over, the filtration of the crude product can begin. Turn on the water facet and allow the it to produce a vacuum in the hoses and throughout the system. To test if there is a vacuum, the student should place their hand over the funnel and feel for suction. Now the student can slowly begin to pour the initial compound into the funnel very slowly. Pour the compound into the funnel in intervals or it will overflow. Allow for the filtrate to drain completely before pouring more of the sample. When that is complete, a liquid filtrate should accumulate in the flask and a solid sample should build up on the filter paper.

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Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)