Nelson Mandela

A detailed Summary of Nelson Mandela


Mandela was born on July 18,1918, in Mvezo, a small village south of Umtata, the capital of

Transkei, a South African province. His father, Henry Gadla Mandela was a Xhosa (South African tribe) chief. His Mother, a woman of dignity and stature, was named Nonqaphi. Mandela spent most of his childhood playing games with other children. Several years after his birth, his father suddenly died. One of his fathers's friends the Thembu regent (chief of the Thembu tribe, part of the Xhosa nation) took him in and treated him as his own son. The regent immediately sent Mandela off to school to get an education. Since all of the teachers in the area were English, Mandela was given an English name. He was named Nelson. Soon he was ready for college.

The first college Mandela attended was a government school called Clarkebury. At Clarkebury he began studying law.Next he attended Healdtown, which, at the time, was the largest college for blacks south of the Equator. After that he went to Fort Hare University. Fort Hare only had about 150 people and was considered an elite school. However, the school was very strict. Man


He ran from the police for many years. He became known as the "Black Pimpernel" because he was never captured. Finally, in 1962, he was captured in a car outside Johannesburg. He was convicted of illegally leaving the country, civil disobedience, and a couple other charges. He was sentenced to five years. Shortly after his conviction, charges of sabotage, treason, and conspiring to overthrow the government were brought against him. He was found guilty again, and was sentenced to life imprisonment. He served most of his years at a labor camp on Robben Island. He was then moved to Pollsmoor Prison in Pretoria.

When Nelson first arrived in Johannesburg, he got a job as a policeman. Soon the regent found out were he was, so he decided to change jobs. The next job he got was a lawyer. He soon met other black lawyers. Mandela, along with Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu, formed the first all-black law partnership in South Africa. In 1942, Mandela joined the ANC (African National Congress) and soon began organizing protests and demonstrations against apartheid. He rapidly rose through the ranks of the ANC. In 1956, he

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