The Internet1
In the early 1960's, the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) became very concerned about the possible effects of nuclear attack on its computing facilities. As a result, it began to examine ways to connect their computers to each other and to weapons installations that were distributed all over the world. The DOD charged the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (now known as DARPA) to fund research that would lead to the creation of a worldwide network.The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was an experimental wide area network (WAN) that consisted of the four computers networked by DARPA researchers in 1969. These first four computers were located at the University of California at Los Angeles, SRI International, the University of California at Santa Barbara, and the University of Utah. By 1990, a network of networks, now known as the Internet, had grown from the four computers on the ARPANET to over 300,000 computers on many interconnected networks. As ARPANET grew to include more computers, researchers realized the need for each connected computer to conform the sam
¨ Packets that do not arrive at their destination must be retransmitted from their source network. As PCs became more powerful, affordable, and available during the 1980s, firms increasingly used them to construct LANs. The term intranet is used to describe LANs or WANs that used the TCP/IP protocol but do not connect to sites outside the firm. Proir to 1989, most universities ans businesses could not communicate with people outside their local intranet. However, businesses soon wanted their employees to be able to communicate with people outside corporate LANs. Since the National Science Foundation (NSF) prohibited commercial network traffic on the networks it funded, businesses turned to commercial e-mail services. Larger firms built their own TCP/IP-based WANs that used leased telephone lines to connect field offices to corporate headquarters. As I continue I will show how the Internet evolved from a resource used primarily by the academic community to one that allows commercial services. In 1991, the NSF eased its restrictions on the Internet commercial activity and began implementin
Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 740
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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