Everyday in society, somebody is challenging something. Everyone believes that they can make a difference. This manner of critical thinking allows for lifestyles to be altered on a regular basis. Much of this is caused by the creation of countercultures that oppose the so-called "norm" or popular culture. In the past, such people have been labeled revolutionary or enlightened thinkers. In E.P. Thompson's book, The Making of the English Working Class, he focuses on how these enlightened thinkers came to be. He discusses the argument of democracy, religion and economic status. These three elements discussed in the first part of the book titled "The Liberty Tree" are ideas in a theory known as industrialism.
The book begins with an introduction to the hostility between the working class and the voting class. By the end of the first chapter the reader is aware that groups of enlightened thinkers are forming and wish to see a democracy within England. Following the works of Cromwell, literary working class males create organizations to fight for their right to vote. As groups such as these began to spread throughout Europe, new sects of freethinking individuals emerged. These groups were originally called Levellers in early
During the era of enlightenment, economic culture had not yet been established. A system of free market was being enacted, however this was only beneficial to the upper class. Like the government, this economy was in need of reform. Enlightened thinkers once again began to preach change. With all the protest being spread throughout the country, there was worry that these groups might begin to revolt. An additional concern came with the word that Jacobin groups in France had overthrown the King. The existing economy was not working for the working class, which made up ninety-eight percent of the population and the King was aware of this.
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