The Influence of Enlightenment on the French Revolution
What is enlightenment? The 18th century Enlightenment was a movement of the intellectuals who dared to prove all the aspects in life scientifically. German philosopher Immauel Kant proclaimed the motto of the enlightenment : "Dare to know!: Have the courage to use your own intelligence!" People were greatly impressed by the scientific revolution. They were also advocating the application of the scientific method to the understanding of all life. During the age of enlightenment, science became popular and there were a lot of philosophers who applied the "natural law" to the social life. For example: John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Adam Smith, Montesquieu and many more. These people were the ones who then affected the French Revolution using their philosophies. Political, economical, and social problems in France during the 18th century led to the French Revolution. The political problem was the French monarchy itself. Monarchy is a system where the country is ruled by one single power(i.e.
The second phase of the French Revolution was about how to establish democracy. In this phase, revolutionaries used J.J.Rousseau's philosophy. According to Rousseau, the society has to be one, and there are no divisions in the society. Liberty is the one that united France. And the society is controlled by the general will, not by the individual will. On the other hand, he said that democracy has to be established among the people. Because, general will represents the whole society's will. This idea of democracy would be then brought in by Robespierre and the Jacobins club which he lead. The revolutionaries found that the democracy that had benn brought in by Robespierre brought so much terror to the society and that is why Robespierre were killed. the king). While the economical problem was the falling of French economic. The social problem was that the society was divided into three estates : the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners. The French Revolution consisted of three phases. The firs
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Approximate Word count = 675
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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