the ocean and its priperties
The oceans are said to be the "source of life." The enormous, blue, calm oceans are the signatures of the planet earth. They cover nearly three-fourths of the surface of the earth. This is equal to 71 percent of the earth's entire surface or about 361 million sq km (140 million sq mi). Its average depth is 5000 m (16,000 ft), and its total volume is about 1,347,000,000 cu km (322,300,000 cu mi). This includes the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. These oceans are bordered by the continental masses or by ocean ridges or currents. The ocean basins hold at immense amount of over 285 million cubic miles of water (1185 million cu. km.). This quantity of water developed from the Earth's interior as it cooled. In order to understand the role water plays in our lives, you must know the chemistry of water itself. Each molecule of water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms bond to the oxygen atom unevenly by sharing electrons. This is shown in figure 1-1. Important interactions take place because of the electron sharing. The oxygen atom tends to draw the electrons provided by the Hydrogen atoms closer to its nucleus, making an electrical separation and a polar molecule. The polar nature resu
Another property of water is the chlorinity. The approximate amount of chlorine in the water is about 55 percent of the salinity, with an average of 19 parts per thousand. In conclusion, the oceans are filled with a large number of data, scientific theories and surprising facts that will increase your appreciation of the ocean. Knowing how the oceans evolved and were made gives us a greater understanding of the lands, climate changes, and even adaptations. Everyone should take a look at the role oceans play in our lives. The surface currents of the ocean are characterized by large gyres. Gyres (Fig 1-5) are currents that are kept in motion by winds. What changes this is the energy from the sun and the rotation of the earth. Energy is moved from atmospheric winds to the upper layers of the ocean through frictional mixture between the ocean and the atmosphere at the sea-surface. Salinity and temperature determine density, and any process that changes the salinity or temperature affects the density. Evaporation increases the salinity and causes the water to become heavier than the water around it, so it will sink. This vertical, density-driven circulation (Fig 1-6) is known as thermohaline circulation.
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Approximate Word count = 1612
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page double spaced)
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