General Hannibal of Carthage is often called the "Father of Strategy." His march over the Alps is one of the most famous attacks in military history. Hannibal defeated the Roman Army many times, until his defeat to Scipio, a Roman general, in 202 BC. Hannibal is important to history because of his skillful battle tactics. He was one of the best generals of ancient times. Because of his tactics, he was able to defeat Roman armies on many occasion. He was not only a good leader, but also a good government official. He led the Carthage government after Carthage's defeat in the second Punic war.

Hannibal was born 247 BC, the son of Hamilcar Barca, a General of the Carthaginian Army. Hannibal's training as a military leader began at the age of nine when he traveled to Spain to be with his father. At Hamilcar's request, Hannibal pledged an oath of hatred towards the Roman Empire. The oath was in response to Carthage's loss to the Romans in the First Punic War (261-241 BC). After Hamilcar's death in 228 BC, Hannibal's brother in law, Hasdrubal, assumed command of the Carthaginian Army. Hasdrubal lead the army for seven years until his assassination in 2

21 BC. During his command, Hannibal was the main officer and he carried out most of his plans. After Hasdrubal's assassination, Hannibal was the unanimous choice to lead the Carthaginian Army.

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A peace treaty with Rome allowed Carthage to govern itself. Hannibal sometimes headed the Cartheginian government. Under his leadership Carthage made a rapid recovery. Hannibal took refuge in Syria and fought with them against the Romans. When Syria was defeated, part of the peace treaty was the surrender of Hannibal to the Romans. Hannibal escaped to Bithynia in 184 BC in northern Asia Minor. Rome once again demanded the surrender of Hannibal. Hannibal ended his fight against the Romans by taking his own life in 183 BC.

Romans saw this as a violation of the existing treaty between Rome and Carthage and demanded the surrender of Hannibal. When Carthaginian government refused to hand over Hannibal for his actions, the Romans declared war (The Second Punic War).

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