In this essay, I will be touching upon the defeat of the Germans in the World War, before examining the psychological aspects of war propaganda during the Nazi rule and the contrast made in themes and technologies since the Roman Empire. I will be comparing Germany since the World War period with the Romans so as to highlight the differences in my study of these two eras. The focus of propaganda during the Nazi rule takes the form of media, particularly the use of radio. This will be followed by an exploration of ancient warfare technology in the Roman Empire.

The World War - Defeat of the Germans

The fall of German Empire undeniably has largely to do with its failure of an effective propaganda organization, as compared to the Allies. The propaganda of the Allies were supreme; where the Allies promised a just peace, bread, home and destruction of military autocracy, the Germans concentrated mainly on war news (Kris & Speier 1944). Even though the Kriegspresseamt who supplied the press with war news had restricted disheartening news from being published, the Allies took the extra step to spread propaganda to the enemy line, practising propaganda of enlightenment. The Allies dropped leaflets of various issues over Germany, streaming with propaganda that aimed to weaken the morale of the Germans.

Even in its architecture, Rome showed supremacy that stood out among others. The Romans erected an amphitheatre, Amphitheatrum Flavium (see Appendix 3), in the midst of Rome; proportioned to the magnitude of the city. This amphitheatre is perhaps the most striking monument in Roman history, which is an example of the prodigal contempt of labor and expense the Roman emperors displayed in their great works of architecture. It held exhibitions such as gladiator and venatio fights that soon became the main entertainment and amusement for the Romans. This amphitheatre is a picturesque structure that struck awe and reverence with people in and out of Rome, symbolizing prestige and magnificence of the state.

c from enemy stations, since propaganda might intervene between musical selections (Kris & Speier 1944).

The Nazi reputation for truthfulness was low, for too many broken pledges were remembered by people in and out of Germany. The Nazis then substituted other devices in their battle for credibility, by discrediting and distorting statements made by the enemy, and highlighting initial victories to build up their prestige. Through mediums such as radio stations, leaflets, pamphlets and newspapers, they emphasized the British's news especially on the BBC as 'lies' and played down their own truthfulness. Even if a situation proved to be unfavorable to Germany, the Nazis could manipulate the scoop into a propaganda success such as in the case when 'the Germans announced that Hess had left Germany by plane before the British could announce his landing in Scotland' (Kris & Speier 1944, p. 96). Such techniques to discredit any enemy news were applied with supreme skill.

Farago, L. 1942, German Psychological Warfare, New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons.

Welch, D. 1983, Nazi Propaganda, Barnes & Noble Books, New Jersey.

Propaganda needs no logic or reason to visualize; its existence comes with a motive. As mentioned earlier, it is not an issue of good versus bad, but what can result from propaganda.

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Approximate Word count = 2321
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)