There are three basic sources of personnel talent that MNCs can tap for positions. One is home country nationals, who reside abroad but are citizens of the parent country of the multinational. These individuals are typically called expatriates. An example is a U.S. manager assigned to head an R&D department in Tokyo for IBM Japan. A second is host country nationals, who are local people hired by the MNEs. An example is a British manager working for Ford Motor in London. The last is a third country national; who are citizens of countries other than one in which the MNC is headquartered or the one in which they are assigned to work by the multinational. An example is a French manager working for Mercedes-Benz in the United States.

Staffing patterns may vary depending on the length of time that the MNE has been operating. Many MNE will initially re

The hiring dance typically begins with one of your company's top executives meeting with the candidate's employer and even his family to request permission to negotiate with individual and to provide assurance of his future position, security, and opportunities. From there, several meetings must take place over a long period of time"

The standard dialect of Japanese is understood throughout the country, even though there are some local differences. English is the most frequently taught foreign language, and in business circles visitors can generally communicate in English, although involved negotiations typically require an interpreter.

Philp Harris and Robert Moran, "Managing Culutre Differences," 1996, p266.

- Repatriation of expatriates: For U.S. expatriates an overseas assignments is usually 2 to 3 years, although some companies are now encouraging their people to consider making the international arena a lifetime career choice. Repatriation is the process of returning home at the end of an overseas assignment.

Selection and Repatriation of Expatriates

Ellen Brandt, "Global HR," Personnel Fournal, March 1991, pp.38-44.

Rosalie L. Tung and Edwing Miller. "Managing in the Twenty-first Century: The need for Global Orientation," Management International review, Vol. 30, no.1

Japan consists of four main islands (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu) and a number of smaller islands. The country is approximately the size of California, and over the last two decades it has become a major industrial power. Today the Japanese yen is one of the strongest currencies in the world as the nation's massive international trade has helped it to maintain vigorous, sustained economic growth.

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Approximate Word count = 2496
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