2. The evidence that the book offers of "spontanous orgin" is only a hypothesis, although it's been tested and confirmed. They state that many of the organic building blocks of life were made from molecuses of non-living matter.

3. The book tells us about the Miller-Urey experiment, but there's nothing really to support their theory of evolution, so why do they put it in our book? It shouldn't really be considered a theory because they can't support it enough.

4. "While scientists cannot disprove the hypothesis that life originated naturally and spontaneously, little is known about what actually happened" is a sort of mixed up statement. They can't disprove it, but yet little is known about what happened... so with that, how can they actually prove it to be a true statement? A slight bit of evidence might not be enough to prove it, even if they do think it is. That

8. The evidence cited by the book for evolution by natural selection is that all species have genetic variation. The enviroment gives species challenges in reproduction, some organisms produce too many offspring and have to compete with one another, the species that are able to cope with the environment leave more offspring, and the traits of the individual best suited for the enviroment increase the population of that animal over time.

7. The theory of evolution can be outlined as such... 1) Variation exists within the genes of every species which is a result of random mutation. 2) Sme individuals in a population are better suited to survive in certain enviromens because of variation, and are able to have more offspring. 3) The traits that make some species able to survive and reproduce spread over time, which increases their chance of survival. 4) There's a clear proof from fossils that species evolve, to be better suited to survive.

11. If the book says that evolution is done through natural selection and that it is a blind, random, and undirected process...then how can it also be modeled? Something can't be random and undirected while at the same time be modeled. It doesn't really make sense that way.

5. The book says that Endosymbiosis is how mitochondria originated through the evolution of symiotic, aerobic eubacteria. So knowing how mitochondria originated might help lead to the conclusion on how we originated.

10. A

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Approximate Word count = 982
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)