Rene Descartes was an advocate of Dualism, which is a philosophy that states that the world is made up of two elemental categories that are incompatible, such as mind and body, which always exist separately. He wrote his Meditations with two central issues in mind: Proving the existence of God and proving the immortality of the soul through natural reason. The Meditations are divided into six separate sections that focus on different parts of Descartes' argument.

The first Meditation focuses on the concept of true beliefs. Descartes sets out to determine what is true by doubting everything that he know or has learned to the point of writing the Meditations. His main suspicion of knowledge is that which is gained via sensory input (empirical). He created a systematic doubting experiment where sensory information is questioned for several reasons in search of undeniable truths. Through this experiment, he discerns between primary and secondary qualities of things. Primary objects, objects of senses, exist in the mind. For example, an apple tastes sweet, looks red, and smells fruity.

Descartes continues the first Meditation as he investigates God as a deceiver. He poses that God may possibly be tricking his mind to perceive what does not exist. He refutes this, however, based on the concept that infinite goodness must exist in God as a necessary attribute of God. To further rectify any deception with Christianity, he postulates the existence of the evil genius.

The final Meditation is used to prove that material objects exist and that the mind is distinct from the body. Descartes proposes that external objects are the active source of perceptions. Descartes offers the following proof:

Descartes ends the Meditations with the final thought that bodily perceptions do exist by restoring confidence in bodily perceptions by setting aside the possibility that he is dreaming. When we are awake, our memories unite the events of our lives; when we are dreaming, memory cannot connect our dreams together.

1. I know clearly and distinctly that there is in me a passive faculty which receives perceptions from an active source

2. The idea we have of ourselves includes finitude and imperfection

1. We have an idea of infinite perfection

Once Descartes has proven Go

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