Alexander III was born to Philip of Macedon in 356 B.C. and his wife Olympias. Alexander proved to be a protege of his father at a young age, rumoured to have been receiving Persian envoys at court at the age of only six while his father was out inspecting his troops. A firm believer in a high-quality Greek education, Philip arranged for Alexander's tutelage under Aristotle, under whom he learned the subjects of philos

Next, Alexander's conquests helped bring about the era now known as the Hellenistic Age. This time period was marked by the spread of Greek culture to most of the civilized world, unified now by a common language of government and culture, a change in philosophy and the development of Hellenistic cities in foreign countries. The Hellenistic period spans three centuries, from Alexander's death to the death of Cleopatra VII of Egypt in 30 B.C. The Hellenistic citizen was more tolerant of foreign religions and customs, having been introduced to various new peoples from increased migrations of people after Alexander's death. These migrations began when Alexander sought to integrate the Persians into his army and, after his death, became a flood of peoples to and from Greece. The increased opportunities offered by trade with the new countries broke down the walls between the west and the east. Cultures who before were separated by distance and obscurity could now tap into th!

http://www.isidore-of-seville.com/alexander/1.html, "Alexander on the Web".

At the battle of Tyr, Alexander employed new weapons in order to successfully take the city. First, the city was constructed on an island. Alexander ordered the construction of a causeway from the mainland to the island, using existing technologies. Then, Alexander's army attacked the city with battering rams, siege towers and catapults, ushering in the age of siege warfare. Such tactics and weapons had been seen before but never used in combination to attack and seize a walled town. Alexander also furthered the phalanx warfare developed by his father. Indeed, he developed it to such a state that although he was often outnumbered, he was consistently successful. This was due to the rigorous training undertaken as well as Alexander's method of using mercenaries to accomplish the training . The concepts of military strategy and tactics were also furthered under Alexander. As a general, he was able to come up with new tactics on the fly, paving the way for the further !

http://wso.williams.edu/~junterek/youth.htm, "Alexander: The Early Years".

e Mediterranean landscape using roads and communication systems established during Alexander's reign . The official language of the Hellenized areas was Greek, becoming a second vernacular among a considerable portion of the population . This change became a lasting one: in later years, even the Bible was translated into Greek for ease of reading. Archaeological evidence has shown that inscriptions and writings in languages other than Greek are rare in Hellenized areas. Thus, the peoples of the Mediterranean came to speak and write Greek .

After Alexander's death, the question of a clear successor was left unanswered. When he died, Macedonian power extended from Macedon to India, with no political structures in place to govern. Survival of the empire depended on a clear successor, and there was none. Roxane was pregnant, and Alexander did have a half-brother Arrhidaeus, but he was mentally challenged. The army demanded a new king and so Arrhidaeus and Alexander's newly born son, Alexander IV, were proclaimed kings. Both kings were murdered shortly, Arrhidaeus in 317 B.C. and Alexander in 309 B.C. The empire was subsequently divided amongst Alexander's generals, titled the Successors: Ptolemy took Egypt and Palestine, Seleucus took Mesopotamia and Syria, Cassander took Macedonia and Greece, Antigonus took Asia Minor and Lysimachus took Thrace , which were now each ruled as dynastic monarchies. This arrangement formed the framework for politics in each region for the next two centuries, facilitating the d!

development of military tactical and strategic thought.

Some common words found in the essay are:
Hellenistic Age, Chodjend Alexander, Tyr Alexander, Ancient Wonders, BC Hellenistic, Hippocratic Oath, Prior Alexander's, Socrates Plato, Asia Alexander, Iranian Persian, hellenistic age, alexander's death, political social, death alexander, alexander's conquests, greek culture, modern world, civilized world, modern day, social technological economic, world centuries, spread greek culture, universities library alexandria, political social technological, modern day afghanistan,
Approximate Word count = 2802
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page double spaced)