Type 2 is the type of diabetes most people get as adults after the age of 40. But you can also get this kind of diabetes at a younger age.

Healthy eating, exercise, and losing weight may help you lower your blood sugar (also called blood glucose) when you find out you have type 2 diabetes. If these treatments do not work, you may need one or more types of diabetes pills to lower your blood sugar. After a few more years, you may need to take insulin shots because your body is not making enough insulin.

You, your doctor, and your diabetes

Most people make insulin in their pancreas. If you have type 1 diabetes, your body does not make insulin. Insulin helps sugar from the foods you eat get to all parts of your body and be used for energy.

Because your body no longer makes insulin, you need to take insulin in shots. Take your insulin as your doctor tells

you. The section, l "6", provides more information on insulin.

Early diet may also play a role. Type 1 diabetes is less common in people who were breastfed and in those who first ate solid foods at later ages.

?The constraints on these individuals for rare traits are:

People with certain rare types of type 2 diabetes have different risks. If you have the rare form called maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), your child has almost a 1-in-2 chance of getting it, too.

Researchers are learning how to predict a person's odds of getting diabetes. For example, most whites with type 1 diabetes have genes called HLA-DR3 or HLA-DR4.

A trait which appears in every generation must be dominant.

It seems likely that there are two distinct causes for IDDM and NIDDM. A genetic factor appears to be more important in NIDDM, since analysis of a large series of identical twins has shown a concordance (the appearance of the trait) in both twins of more than 90 percent for NIDDM, while in IDDM the rate is about 50 percent. This relatively low incidence of the disease among the identical twins of insulin-dependent diabetics suggests that other factors are important. One such factor may be immune-related. Among insulin-dependent diabetics, there is a relatively high prevalence of certain patterns of the inherited tissue compatibility antigens (HLA), while in NIDDM the prevalence of these HLA types is normal. In addition, there is a high prevalence of autoantibodies to islet cells found in the sera of insulin-dependent diabetics, along with inflammation of the islets. There is evidence that in some cases of IDDM, viral infections may play a role. "/bcom/eb/article/idxref/0/0,571!

Autosomal Dominant traits are characterized by the presence of individuals with the trait in every generation.

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