office for sixteen months, between 1894 and 1896, before a revolt in his

cabinet forced him to resign. "With considerable force of character but no

special capacity in administration, he was unable either to command the

respect of his colleagues or to avoid committing his government to a

politically dangerous question of public funding for religious schools in

Manitoba" (Smith, R. 1974. p.145). For most of his time in office, Bowell

was minister of customs, and as such he put into operation of protective tariff,

or tax on imports, to aid Canadian manufactures. The tariff was the substance

of the celebrated National Policy of former prime minister Sir John A.

Macdonald. The main work of Bowell's forty years in politics was as an

organizer of the Conservative Party in the province of Ontario.

Bowell was born in 1823, in Rickinghall, England, the son of a

carpenter. "The family emigrated to the province of Upper Canada, later

Ontario, in 1833 and settled in the town of Belleville. There Bowell was

apprenticed to the printer of the local newspaper" (Harris, C. 1987. p.29) He

remained in the town, becoming the newspaper's editor and e

his confidence for the prime minister, was in fact in closer touch with both the

rose to be grand master of the order and consequently wielded considerable

to Australia the first salaried trade commissioner from Canada. The

When Thompson began to lower the tariff, Bowell did not object. In 1893

allowed to indulge in a trivial feud. Before long no one had any confidence in

first refusal of the position of prime minister, but he did not refuse" (Smith, R.

than his colleagues thought, and he warned Thompson's Cabinet that

the court ruling was taken as evidence of bad faith" (Harris, C. 1987. p.105).

group of Conservatives asked Sir Charles Tupper to return from London to

Seniority was not enough to lead the Cabinet. The routine work of

implied British preference for colonial goods. It also implied that Britian

In the election of 1878 the Conservatives under Sir John A. Macdonald

Some common words found in the essay are:
Charles Tupper, Trade Conference, London Bowell's, Senate Bowell, Mackenzie Bowell, Party Bowell, Thompson's Cabinet, North Hastings, Manitoba Smith, National Policy, prime minister, smith 1974, sir john, harris 1987, protective tariff, conservative party, minister customs, minister customs operation, grand master, routine administration, office bowell, prime minister sir, sir charles tupper, sir john macdonald, sir mackenzie bowell,
Approximate Word count = 1206
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)