Parthenon

A detailed Summary of Parthenon


The Parthenon is known as the masterpiece of Greek architecture. The Parthenon is the most important and characteristic monument of the ancient Greek civilization and still remains its international symbol. The name of the temple comes from the Greek word parthenos, or virgin; that is, the goddess Athena. It was dedicated to Athena, the patron goddess of Athens. The temple stands on a hill called the "Acropolis" which overlooks the city. The Parthenon was the first building to be constructed on the Acropolis. At that time there were no buildings in Athens because of the war between Athens and Persia. Consequently, they wanted to rebuild his city. Many thought that the first building to be built must be a temple to Athena, their patron goddess. It was she who saw them through that war. The temple was built between 447 and 438 B.C. Peric


The most innovative part of the Parthenon's sculptural decoration, is the frieze on the exterior wall of the naos. The frieze depicts neither gods nor ancient heroes, but the Athenians themselves. The frieze also depicts men on horseback, other men leading the sacrificial animals, as well as women carrying other offerings. No Greek temple ever before had employed sculpture depicting mere mortals.

inus and Callicrates were the architects of the building.

The entire building was basically designed as the shelter for the cult statue of Athena. The statue was made of a wooden core covered with panels of ivory and gold. The statue of Athena Parthenos was over twelve meters tall. She stood fully armed: wearing a helmet, holding a spear with her shield in her left hand, and carrying a personification of victory in her right. She stands ever re

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