Brazil
Brazil is the largest country in South America. It stretches almost 2700 miles from the bottom of the Andes Mountains eastward to the Atlantic Ocean. It borders on every country of the continent except for Chile and Ecuador. Brazils official name is the Federative Republic of Brazil. Brazil occupies almost half of South America and is the world's fifth-largest country in area. Although its area is just a little less than that of the United States, Brazil's population is only about 60% that of the United States. The capital of Brazil is Brasilia. It was built in the highlands beginning in 1957 to encourage development of the interior. The population in Brasilia is estimated to be around 1,576,657. The largest city is Sao Paulo and it is estimated that the population there is near10, 099,086. Brazil's total population is estimated to be about 150,400,000. Brazil is the only Latin American nation that takes its language and culture from Portugal. The native inhabitants mostly consisted of the nomadic Tupi-Guarani Indians. Adm. Pedro Alvares Cabral claimed the territory for Portugal in 1500. The early explorers brought back a wood that produced a red dye, pau-brasil, this is where the land received its name. Po
Legislative branch: bicameral National Congress or Congresso Nacional consists of the Federal Senate or Senado Federal In the last of a long series of military coups, Gen. Joćo Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo became president in 1979 and pledged a return to democracy in 1985. The election of Tancredo Neves on Jan. 15, 1985, the first civilian president since 1964, brought a nationwide wave of optimism, but when Neves died on April 21, Vice President Sarney became president. Sarney was widely distrusted because he had previously been a member of the military regime's political party. Collor de Mello won the election of late 1989, pledging to lower the chronic hyperinflation by following the path of free-market economics. When Collor faced impeachment by Congress because of a corruption scandal in Dec. 1992 and resigned, Vice President Itamar Franco assumed the presidency. head of government: President Fernando Henrique CARDOSO ; Vice President Marco MACIEL note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government At the beginning of the first millennium new groups, probably of Andean origin and who had mastered agriculture and the manufacture of ceramics, gave rise to a last phase in the development of local art that lasted up until the arrival of the Portuguese. chief of state: President Fernando Henrique CARDOSO (since 1 January 1995); Vice President Marco MACIEL note-the president is both the chief of state and head of government elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 4 October 1998 The ethnic diversity that today characterizes the Brazilian population and the scales of values of the different groups have promoted a culture, which, far from constituting a compact unit, consists of a grouping of dif
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