Earth Sci

A detailed Summary of Earth Sci

Folding - The process by which crustal forces deform an area of crust so that layers of rock are pushed into folds.

Faulting - The process by which crustal forces cause a rock formation to break and slip along a fault.

Fold - A bent or warped stratum or sequence of strata that was originally horizontal, or neatly so.

Fault - A planar or gently curved fracture in the earth's crust across which there has been relative displacement of the two blocks of rock parallel to the fracture.

· It takes 2 measurements to describe the orientation of a layer of rock exposed at a given location:

· Strike - The direction of the intersection of a rock layer with a horizontal surface.

· Dip - Measured at right angles to the strike, is simply the amount of tilting - the angle at which the inclines from the horizontal.

Constructing a Geological Map and Cross Section

o Shearing forces - push two sides of a body in opposite directions

S Thrust fault - a reverse fault at which the dip of the fault is small, so that the overlaying block is pushed mainly horizontally.

o Fault - A fracture with relative movement of the rocks on both sides of it, parallel to the fracture.

o The dips and strikes of inclined layers

· Fold Belt - A linear region that has been subjected to folding and other deformation in a mountain building episode. Suggests that the region was compressed at one time by horizontal tectonic forces.

· Dome - anticline structure, a broad circular or oval upward bulge of rock layers.

· Brittle rocks - little change, then breaks

· Basin - synclinal structure, a bowl shaped depression of rock layers in which the beds typically many km's in diameter.

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Approximate Word count = 640
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)

Category: Science

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Earth Sci

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