Encephalitus
The West Nile virus, usually found in the regions of Africa, western Asia, and the Middle East, causes Kunjin/West Nile Encephalitus. Encephalitus is an inflammation of the brain and central nervous system caused by viral and bacterial infections. The most common vectors for this disease are ticks and mosquitoes, especially the species Culex pipiens because of its hibernation capabilities. The arboviral virus is transmitted in a basic cycle, where a bird infected with the virus is bitten by a mosquito. The mosquito carries the infected blood and bites and transmits the virus to another vertebrate, including humans. Once the virus is in the vertebrate's system, it only takes between five and fifteen days for it to incubate. After the West Nile virus infects its victim, the symptoms vary according to the severity of the infection. A mild case of West Nile Encephalitus results in a fever, headaches, body aches, skin rash, and swollen lymph glands. A severe infection causes symptoms similar to a mild infection, but they are far more serious. These symptoms include a high fever, neck stiffness, stupor, and disorientation. Other symptoms are coma, tremors, convulsions, paralysis, and rarely death. Extreme weakn
In the summer of 1999, New York was faced with an outbreak of a mysterious virus that was later found out to be West Nile Encephalitus. There were over 150 cases and seven deaths attributed to this unknown disease. At first, virologists and New York officials thought they had a case of St. Louis Encephalitus on their hands, but zoo birds and crows told otherwise. Normally, St. Louis Encephalitus infected birds, but did not kill them. However, this strain of encephalitus killed birds in large numbers, especially crows. Samples taken from the brain tissue of the crows and people indicated that the outbreak had indeed been a newcomer to North America, West Nile Encephalitus. Virologists concluded that this variant of the West Nile virus was not necessarily more virulent, but instead it was the fact that people and animals in North America, namely in the New Work area, had not had the chance to build up an immunity to the virus. Furthermore, virologists suggest that this strain or another of its variants will return the following year as the birds migrate north. Summertime will be the West Nile virus's peak infection time because the heat and humidity draws out the mosquito vectors. Even though virologists have discovered the cause of the outbreak, they are still puzzled about the origin of such a regionally rare
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Approximate Word count = 888
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)
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