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nature vs nurture

For the past five weeks we have studied three different but influential people in our perspective on human nature class. They are Freud, Plato and Tzu. The main discussion between all of them is nature versus nurture. I will discuss the difference between nature and nurture and then I'll apply to each of these philosophers and how they react to it.

When looked up in the dictionary the term nature means the universe and its phenomena or one's own character and temperament. When discussed with these philosophers it is meant as one's own character revolved around the universe for which they live in, basically they're surroundings. At the same time when I looked up the word nurture it said the upbringing, care or training of a child. And in this meaning it stands on its own. Meaning exactly how it's listed in the dictionary.

Freud's point of view on this topic is that the human development depends on nurture and nature at the same time. Freud believes that human nature contains powerful uncontrollable innate drives and repressed memories. The only way that these can happen is by nurture, because of some of the innate drives have been brought u


I have to admit though I found Plato a little more difficult to talk about for the simple fact that Plato spent more time discussing about society. So when reading Plato, I came to the conclusion that Plato supports nurture more than nature. My reason for this is societies through out history have to be developed and when they are it is because of strong influence from a group of people. Rather than nature where people would just live amongst each other without order or authority that comes with a selection process.

stinct. At the same time the ego is also because of natural instinct simply because of the reality principle. Freud even went as far as stating, "..adults ego-feeling can't have been the same from beginning. It must have gone through a process of development"(13). The part where it changes is the superego, which is the only form of nurture in the psychoanalytic perspective, which is because the superego only developed because the child began to incorporate parental values and also operates according to the raising and discipline of the parents.

The final person I'll talk about is Chuang Tzu. In reality Chuang Tzu stated what he supported from the beginning of the book and that is the simple fact that he supports nature over nurture. Chuang Tzu even went as far as making the statement that, "Nurture keeps you out of touch with your true self"(Healey). Chuang Tzu spoke greatly about other things, which had a deep routed meaning, but in all that he talked about he made one distinction and that is the fact that he supported nature over nurture. As Chuang Tzu said, "Those who go quietly with the flow of nature are not worried by either joy or sorrow. People like these were considered in the part as having achieved freedom from bondage. These who cannot free themselves are constrained by things"(53). Chuang Tzu made many comments

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Approximate Word count = 1259
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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