The history of hypnosis is as ancient as that of sorcery, magic and medicine, to whose methods it belonged. Hypnosis's scientific history began in the later part of the 18th century with Franz Mesmer, a Viennese physician, who used it in the treatment of patients. Ever since Franz Anton Mesmer proposed his theory of animal magnetism more than 200 years ago, hypnosis has fought an uphill battle for scientific credibility. Hypnosis has been used in place of anesthesia to numb the pain of childbirth and major surgical procedures such as amputation and abdominal surgery. Numerous reports attest the effectiveness of hypnosis in the treatment of warts. In those who have been hypnotized, warts later disappear entirely on their own with out medicine or surgery. Since warts are virally induced, this striking phenomenon has fueled belief that hypnosis

Hypnosis has been officially endorsed as a therapeutic method by medical psychiatric, dental and psychological associations throughout the world. The induction of hypnosis requires little training and no particular skill. Several nations have condemned hypnosis because it is believed to be associated with witchcraft. After studying all the aspects and features of hypnosis, the most amazing factor is the enormous influence on a subject's suggestibility.

A person's responsiveness to being hypnotized is greatest when he/she believes that he/she can be hypnotized, that the hypnotist is competent and trustworthy and that the undertaking is safe, appropriate and congruent with his wishes. Therefore, induction is generally preceded by the establishment of rapport between subject and hypnotist. By acceptance of and response to suggestions, the subject can become deaf, blind, paralyzed, hallucinate, delusional, amnesic or impervious to pain or to uncomfortable body postures or he/she could display various behavioral responses that he/she regards as reasonable or desirable.

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It may be possible to explain the effects attributed to hypnosis without invoking the existence of a unique altered state of consciousness. Whether or not hypnosis creates a single state of mind, it clearly involves a complex combination of other social and psychological factors. Among them are role-playing imagination, motivation and powerful responses to suggestion. In the emerging view of many researchers, understanding how these factors play together in the context of a social setting may provide the real key to understanding.

Many coaches have been experimenting with Hypnosport on their athletic teams. Hypnosport is the use of hypnosis to improve athletic performance. Hypnosport is relatively new concept here in the United States, but in Russia athletes have been using it for nearly 40 years. The object of Hypnosport is to eliminate fear, anxiety, tension and negative thoughts about the ability to compete under pressure. Hypnosis helps athletes control emotional factors such as self-doubt, and it also helps deal with feelings about past failures.

keeps reassuring you that you are going to be all right, talking to you as if nothing is happening at all. Then she interrupts your calm bliss to tell you that the surgery is over and everything is going to be all right. You successfully had your leg removed without anesthetic, and it was nearly a painless operation and you later learn that the nurse had been using hypnosis on you the whole time.

One of the amazing effects of hypnosis is its ability to help people quit smoking. Numerous reports allege the effectiveness of hypnosis helping people to quit smoking without withdrawal symptoms. This is done by allowing direct access to the unconscious, thereby overcoming any conscious resistance to alleviating addiction. Hypnosis is reported to alleviate long standing phobias such as the fear of flying, overcoming the binge or purge cycle of bulimia and resolving deep inner conflicts stemming from childhood sexual abuse, post traumatic stress and other serious psychological syndromes. Sometimes people have neurotic symptoms that may be so destructive or so incapacitating that it constitutes a source of change. In most situations the only way to help is the use of symptom removal by hypnosis. At the same time, an attem

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