Columbia

A detailed Summary of Columbia


Background: Colombia was one of the three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Ecuador and Venezuela). A 40-year insurgent campaign to overthrow the Colombian Government escalated during the 1990s, undergirded in part by funds from the drug trade. Although the violence is deadly and large swaths of the countryside are under guerrilla influence, the movement lacks the military strength or popular support necessary to overthrow the government. While Bogota continues to try to negotiate a settlement, neighboring countries worry about the violence spilling over their borders.

note: includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, Serrana Bank, and Serranilla Bank

Area - comparative: slightly less than three times the size of Montana

Climate: tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands

highest point: Nevado del Huila 5,750 m

Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower

Population: 39,685,655 (July 2000 est.)


Romanticism legalist, very rooted in the Colombian tradition, leaves the country made a break in front of triple plague of the drug trafficking, the guerrilla and the paramilitary groups. The cost of this war is considerable: it is estimated at 5 billion dollars a year, a fifth of the foreign debt of the country. And the effects are felt at first and above all in the most modest layers of the population.

Government type: republic; executive branch dominates government structure

Contrary to what happened in the other countries, Colombian guerrilla were not exclusively revolutionaries' fact inspired by the Cuban experience. Their origin lives in the violence which knew the country during the decade 1947-1957. Reached the head of the State in 1946, the conservators resort to the repression to prevent the return of the liberals in business.

Essentially driven by the revolutionary Armed forces of Colombia ( FARC) and by the national Army of liberation ( ELN ), this unpopular war does not stop extending such a cancer over the entire territory.

Disputes - international: maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela; territorial disputes with Nicaragua over Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank

The second reason which explains the dimension reached by the Colombian subversion in four decades is the efficiency of its strategy. A strategy at the same moment military, political and economic. Under the military angle, it aims an actual and progressive contr

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Approximate Word count = 1016
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)

Category: Politics

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