Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a disorder that affects large number of people.ADH, according to studies, have shown that boys are three times as likely to develop this disorder.Boys, scientific believe, are generally more prone to disorders of the nervous systems. Although the the onset can vary, specific behaviors that are typical of ADHD. usually arise between the ages of three and five. Studies estimate that between 2 and 9.5 percent of people worldwide of school age children have ADHD. Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder does not discriminate. Researchers have identified this disorder in every nation and in every culture. This disorder was once thought that children would out grow it. Researcher from the 1970`s show that about two thirds of 158 children with ADHD still showed tyoical patterns behaviors well into their twienties. Reasercher also show that those in the studies who no longer fit the description were having adjustment problems at work, ! Psychiatrists, since the early 1940`s have put several different labels on those whom are afflicted with Attention-Deficit. Some of these labels are as follows: ``minimal brain dysfunction,`` ``brain injured child syndrome,`
Although no one knows the exact cause of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder some theories have been explred. Modern day brain imaging has pinpointed specific brain regions that may malfunction in those with ADHD. The preffrontal cortex in the cerebellum and the basal ganglia with several clusters of nerve cells has been identified. F. Xavier Castellanos, Judith L. Rapoport and their collegues at the National Institute of Mental Health, in a 1996 study, have found that these two parts of the brain that regulate attention. The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain that helps resist distrsctions and the basil ganglia is the part of the brain that helps in switching off automatic responses. Studies to determine the reason why these brain areas to be smaller are still going on. Researchers have also have found small percentages of nongentic factors found in people with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Some of these factors include premature birth, maternal alcohol, and cigarette smoking. Also exposure to high levels of lead during early childhood and brain injuries are non-genetic factors. These non-genetic factors account for 20 percent of boys afflicted with ADHD and less in girls. In conclusion, one can see how frustrating and devestating Attention-Deficit Hyperact
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