With the population growing this brought about economic problems that needed severe change for Latin America to survive in the 20th century. The last theme of the chapter is through out all these political and economical problems facing Latin America they were still able to grow as a culture. This growth was in areas of painting, architecture, and literature.

The Mexican Revolution, from 1910-1917, was the great event of the early 20th century in Latin America, tho

Although Latin America has made great strides to becoming completely independent, they still have a ways to go. Puerto Rico is still not a country but a commonwealth because it is still maintained by outside countries. In the 1980's the United States ability to intervene in Central America became a factor again. Still, with economic help from the United States and other Western Europe countries, Latin America will one day be economically free from other countries and have a "greater national freedom and self-assertion" (Stearns p.223).

After Diaz escaped Francisco Madero tried to become the new leader but people felt that he was not looking out for the working-class and he soon lost the revolution. Zapata began to make new revolts, which in turn scared the U.S. and they in turn ordered the execution of Madero. In 1916, with the backing of the U.S., Venustiano Carranza took control. A new constitution was formed in 1917, which gave Mexico the right to own all minerals; this reduced foreign investors and benefited the mestizo and Indian peasants.

Stearns, N. Peter. World History in Brief. 3rd ed. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational

ugh it directly affected only the one major nation (Stearns p.614). The revolution dates back to 1900 when intellectuals started to look at how corrupt Porfirio Diaz was as a leader. This soon spread out to more people such as urban workers and the peasantry. Their main goal was to get the economic side of Mexico back in their rule and not outsider rule such as the United States investors. The peasant leader was Emiliano Zapata who believed in "Land and Liberty". Pancho Villa was the Bandit leader who robbed from the rich and gave to the poor.

In 1920, revolutionaries pressed for new leadership; under the presidency of Alvaro Obregon, the long period of disorder drew to a close, and the results of revolution took clearer shape (Stearns p.616). The caudillismos, a name for Latin American leaders, were put down and a single political party to control. The PNR (National Revolutionary Party) could sway the elections of Presidents, but it would only allow the President to rule for six years and putting to an end to any kind of dictatorship. In the 1990's the PNR was renamed the PNI and they let freer elections take place. This political stability has let Mexico become more independent of outside relations and let Mexico prosper in the 20th century.

Two great muralists who showed off Latin American art were Clemente Orozco and Diego Rivera who created many murals of the Mexican revolution. Orozco and Rivera, because of their works, received national attention. Poetry and novels showed Latin America literature with the names of Mariano Az

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