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Latin America

In chapter thirty-one many different aspects of 20th century Latin America are discussed. After the passing of the 19th century Latin America was not only able to continue to function without creating a new nationhood but also able to stay away from warfare and conflicts that would destroy the country. The only major war that occurred was from 1932-1935 was the Chaco war between Bolivia and Paraguay. One unfortunate aspect was that there was violence in the country against peasant protesters and Indian minorities as landowners who were being killed while the caudilos were trying to keep their power. A theme of Latin America was the revolution in the beginning of the 20th century. This revolution was mainly about the political structure and governmental reform.

With the population growing this brought about economic problems that needed severe change for Latin America to survive in the 20th century. The last theme of the chapter is through out all these political and economical problems facing Latin America they were still able to grow as a culture. This growth was in areas of painting, architecture, and literature.

The Mexican Revolution, from 1910-1917, was the great event of the early 20th century in Latin America, tho


Military dictatorship started to disappear with the emergence of democratic systems in the 1980's. Some of these countries began to follow Argentine's lead with the formation of a new reign in 1982. In 1984 there were free elections in Brazil. A Uruguay leader was quoted saying "there are winds that blow in favor, winds that blow against. It is evident in this era the winds are favorable to democracy"(Stearns p.622). Nicaragua and Chile both started a democracy system. In 1997 Mexican elections were free of any inside influence and Paraguay adopted democracy in 1993. Instead of military leaders, a democracy government took on a new meaning by pushing for the extension of education and public health in Latin America.

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Even though dependent on Western economical help Latin America still made strides in their economical stability. In the 1960's Agricultural production improved with new technology in techniques and seeds. Textile mills and metallurgical industries started to appear in Latin American countries. These industries started to export basic manufactured goods to other countries in the world. Brazil became the fourth largest computer industry, though they did not produce computer as complex as the U.S. or Japan there computer were good enough to help undeveloped countries.

Stearns, N. Peter. World History in Brief. 3rd ed. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational

After 1950 Latin America started to change economically and socially. Social division remained high with the rich owning most of the land and controlling most of the leading commercial and manufacturing concerns. At this time Latin America was still dependent on Western technology. Latin Americans biggest moneymaker was the exporting of agricultural goods such as coffee, sugar, raw materials, and oil, but these were all vulnerable to low and fluctuating prices. Cuba, one of Latin Americas most traditional still could not get away from being dependent on Western economical help.

Argentina has seen its own economic problems with the election of Juan Peron as president in 1946. Peron crushed free trade unions; old landholders were hurt by state control over the price of their goods. Peron established huge welfare programs and this did not show Argentina's true economically chance. Peron was replaced in 1955 with the hope of establishing parliamentary democracy, but with such a strong following of Peron this was not possible and the military took control in 1966 and '76.

In 1920, revolutionaries pressed for new leadership; under the presidency of Alvaro Obregon, the long period of disorder drew to a close, and the results of revol

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Approximate Word count = 1826
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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