According to the ethics of Imanuel Kant, an act gains it's moral worth not from it's consequences, but from it's motivation-goodwill. In other words, an act one performs has moral value to it from goodwill. What is goodwill? Well, according to Kant, goodwill in an act follows the two forms of the categorical imperative (command):

-act only on that maxim (motivation) through which you can at the same time will that it (the maxim) should become a universal law

-act in such a way that you treat humanity whethe

According to the philosophy of utilitarianism, goodness is maximized through pleasure. It says an act is right and just if it brings about pleasure, thus prostitution should be good. What is wrong with prostitution? If it brings about pleasure, thus the maximization of goodness, should it not be allowed everywhere? Goodness is happiness, right? Yet, how does happiness determine goodness? The problem with utilitarianism is that it confuses proper action from proper motivation. Utilitarianism does not want to face reality. Imagine a perfectly happy society where the only way to get happy when one is sad is through the use of drugs. Whenever a person dies in this society, whether it be painful or sad, the only thing the person possesses before he/she dies is a pill to get happy. Depression and sadness and all other moods except happiness and pleasure have become extinct from this society due to the society's addiction to drugs. This society is good according to utilit!

The first type of the categorical imperative says to only act on a motivation which could become a universal law; do not do something which one would want another to do to oneself. If one stole fifty dollars from another, would he/she want someone else to steal fifty dollars from him/her? In all likelihood, he/she would not want that to happen to him/herself. The latter form of the categorical imperative deals with respecting humanity. It is saying to not just use people as tools, as a means to an end; do not disrespect a person's humanity (which also applies to oneself). Human torture for one's enjoyment does not respect one's humanity; the human b

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