order? John Stuart Mill (1808-73) believed in an ethical theory known as

utilitarianism. There are many formulation of this theory. One such is,

"Everyone should act in such a way to bring the largest possibly balance of

good over evil for everyone involved." However, good is a relative term. What

is good? Utilitarians disagreed on this subject. Mill made a distinction between

happiness and sheer sensual pleasure. He defines happiness in terms of higher

order pleasure (i.e. social enjoyments, intellectual). In his Utilitarianism (1861),

Mill described this principle as follows:According to the Greatest Happiness

Principle ... The ultimate end, end, with reference to and for the sake of which

all other things are desirable (whether we are considering our own good or that

of other people), is an existence exempt as far as possible from pain, and as

rich as possible enjoyments.Therefore, based on this statement, three ideas

thinks he "saw;" because each person will manifest a different perception, then

toward others in a way that ultimately benefits the original actor). In this light,

rule should be followed by everyone, and if the rule is acceptable for universal

exists i n certain social mores and norms throughout the world - don't kill your

exists. Kant followed his book, Critique of Pure Reason, with Groundwork of

self-defense. The act is either wrong or right, based on his universality law.

modest contrast, or as an alternative to Kant, Aristotle's classical humanism

action requires conscious thought or the rule governing the action, whether that

not achievable using the doctrines of either Immanuel Kant or Aristotle.Kant's

learning proper ethics to and from one another. He explains this theory by

two theories is the lessor of two evils? I would have to argue for Mill (that is,

principle establishing universal law."(2) "Act so as to treat humanity, whether in

hypothetical imperative, which dictates a given course of action to reach a

imperative is the basis of morality and was stated by Kant in these words: "Act

in Kant's time, but it is still impossible today. If I had to choose one doctrine

Some common words found in the essay are:
Kant AristotleKant's, Happiness Principle, Nicomachean Ethics, Zodiac Killer, Universal Law, JL Mackie, Future Metaphysics, Kant Aristotle's, Hitler Kant, Metaphysics Morals, universal ethics, rational application, categorical imperative, universal law, event situation, throughout community, level cognition, ethical properties, creating universal ethics, kant makes statements, theories societal, critique pure reason, virtuous virtuous, book critique pure, argument universal ethics,
Approximate Word count = 3217
Approximate Pages = 13 (250 words per page double spaced)