The anatomy of a frog is very similar to the anatomy of humans. Both humans and frogs have the same kinds of organs and systems of organs. Digestion in a frog begins in the mouth. Although the frog has teeth, they are basically useless. The frogs tongue however is very important. Most of the time the tongue is folded back toward the throat. From here the frog is able to flick out the tongue very fast to catch its prey. The tongue is also very sticky. From the frogs

cteria, bile, and mucus, travels through the intestine it becomes feces. The rectum is where the fecal matter is stored. It is periodically eliminated through the anus.

The frogs' nervous system consists of a brain, a spinal cord, and nerves. Some parts of the frogs' nervous system are the same as those in the human's nervous system. Like humans, frogs have a central nervous system and a peripheral nervous system. The Frog has 10 cranial nerves that originate in the frog's brain. Humans have 12. Also, the frog has only 10 pairs of spinal nerves. Humans have 30 pairs. In the frog the medulla regulates automatic functions such as digestion and respiration. The cerebellum controls body posture and co-ordination. The cerebrum is very small in the frog. In humans the cerebrum is very large. In the frog, nostrils are made up of two simple holes. There are complex valves, but no long nasal passages like in humans. The frog's sense of smell is made by olfactory lobes. The frog's eye is a fixed lens, so it cannot change its focus. Its eyelids do not move. To close its eye the frog brings the organ into its socket. A third eyelid or nictit!

The respiratory system of the frog includes the lungs, the lining of the mouth, and the skin. All of these have moist, think surfaces and blood vessels. The frogs skin is composed of two layers, an outer epidermis and an inner epidermis. Blood vessels run throughout the frog's skin. Oxygen can pass through the skin, entering directly into the blood. When the frog is in water all its respiration takes place through the skin. Oxygen can be obtained right from the water. The frog doesn't just breath through its skin, it has paired lungs. Just like in humans air enters the body through two nostrils, passes through the windpipe, and is received by the lungs. The difference in the way the frog breathes from the way humans breath is that in humans breathing is aided by ribs, the diaphragm, and chest muscles. In the frog there are no ribs or diaphragm. And the chest muscles that the frog does have are not involved in breathing. In the human respiratory system takes in oxy!

ating membrane may be drawn over the pulled in eyeball. The frog does not have an external ear. The eardrums and tympanic membranes are exposed. There is only one bone in the frog's middle ear. The human middle ear contains three bones. Semicircular canals help to maintain body balance in the frog, just like in humans. The nervous system, through very much like that of the frogs, is more complex. Like the frog, the humans' nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Also like the frog, the human nervous system is divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The lower parts of the brain control basic functions such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature, hunger, and thirst. The major parts of the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the medulla. The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain. This is much bigger than the frogs. The cerebrum is divided in half from front to back by a deep grove, which separ!

ates the cerebrum into the right and left cerebral hemispheres. The cerebellum controls all voluntary movements and some involuntary movements. The medulla is made mainly of nerve fibers that connect the spinal cord to other parts of the brain. This controls many of the involuntary activities including breathing, heartbeat, blood flow, and coughing. A reflex is an involuntary, automatic response to a given stimulus. Th

Some common words found in the essay are:
Circulation Renal, Frogs Taxonomy, Hepatic-Portal Circulation, nervous system, hormone secreted, systemic circulation, , carries blood, effects include, system consists, reproductive system, carbon dioxide, system frog, humans frogs, branch systemic circulation, circulation branch systemic, secreted effects include, spinal cord nerves, hormone secreted effects,
Approximate Word count = 2390
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page double spaced)