John Calhoun

A detailed Summary of John Calhoun


John Caldwell Calhoun was born in 1782 in South Carolina. Calhoun was born near Abbeville District, South Carolina, and was an honors graduate at Yale College in 1804. He practiced law in Abbeville District until his election to the South Carolina legislature in 1808. He was a major American political figure before the Civil War. Calhoun played an important part in national affairs for 40 years. He was Vice President of the United States from 1825 to 1832, and he ran for President several times but never won. He also served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and of the Senate, and as secretary of war and secretary of state.

Calhoun is best known for his doctrine of states' rights, in which he claimed that each U.S. state had a right to reject national laws. He wanted to use the doctrine to protect slavery and other Southern interests without requiring the Southern States to


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Calhoun argued that because state conventions had originally approved the Constitution of the United States, such conventions could also stop any national law by declaring it unconstitutional. He hoped to use nullification to defeat protective tariffs and to preserve slavery and other southern interests. After Congress adopted another protective tariff in 1832, South Carolina acted on Calhoun's theory of states' rights and nullified the new tariff. This action caused a constitutional crisis. Calhoun resigned as Vice President in December 1832 and entered the Senate as the elected spokesman of South Carolina. He had no wish to destroy the Union and worked hard for Henry Clay's compromise of 1833. This compromise quieted the tariff issue, but it did not resolve the states' rights problem Calhoun had raised.

Calhoun served in the Se

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Approximate Word count = 619
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Category: History

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