During the post-civil war period, many farmers, black and white, began organizing. Farmers in the Midwest and near city markets adjusted to the new economic conditions. The new problems of southern and western farmers produced the first mass organization of farmers in American History. The earliest effort to organize white farmers came in 1867 when Oliver Kelley founded the Order of the Patrons of Husbandry. By 1875 800,000 had joined Kelley?s organization, known as the National Grange. The farmers wanted to confront the railroads. They wanted to establish maximum rates that railroads and grain elevators could charge. In 1877 the Supreme Court upheld them in Munn v. Illinois. Granger laws failed to control the railroads. The Supreme Court had made it clear that state legislature could reg
Politics, then joined profits, patriotism, and piety in motivating the expansion of the 1890s. These four impulses interacted to produce the Spanish American War, the annexation of the Philippine Island, and the foreign policy of President Theodore Roosevelt.
Missionaries carried similar western values to non-Christian lands around the world, especially China. Economic relations between china and the United states increased at approximately the same rate as missionary activity.
Senator Albert Beveridge of Indiana bragged in 1898 that ?American factories are making more then the American people can use; American soil is producing more then they can consume. Understanding that commercial expansion required a stronger navy and coaling stations and colonies, business interests began to shape diplomatic a
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