Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

The Supreme Court of The United States is the court that heads the judicial branch of the American government. It is undoubtedly the world's most powerful court system. The court's unusual authority comes from its dual legal and political roles, for it is the nation's highest appellate law court and at the same time the official interpreter and expounder of the U. S. Constitution. Because many of the most important decisions of the Constitution are extremely broad and offer much room for difference of opinion, the court's influence in the political development of the American republic has been very great, often exceeding that of the president or Congress.

The Supreme Court was created directly by Article III of the Constitution and entrusted with "judicial Power of the United States." It is head by the chief justice of the United States who in ceremonies of state in the third-ranking official, after the president and vice president. He presides over the court in its public sessions and its private conferences and, acting through the Administrative Office of the U. S. Courts and the J

Olliver Wendell Holmes was one of the more popular associate justices of the Supreme Court. He was also an American jurist and was distinguished for his great legal learning, sound judgement, humor, and power of expression.

The first Supreme Court Justice was John Jay. He was an American jurist and statesmen. John Jay was born in New York City and educated at King's College (Columbia University). He was admitted to the bar in 1768. He represented the point of view of the American merchants in protesting British restrictions on the commercial activities of the colonies, and he was elected to the Continental Congress in 1774 and again in 1775. He drafted the first constitution of New York State and was appointed chief justice of the state in 1777. In the following year he was again elected to the Continental Congress and was chosen its president.

The Members of the Supreme Court Past and Present

John Marshall was also an American jurist and statesmen, who as the forth chief justice of the United States was responsible for developing power of the United States Supreme Court and formulating constitutional law in the nation.

Holmes became professor of law at Harvard Law School in 1882, but resigned in the same year to accept an appointment as associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Court. He served in that position until 1899 and as chief justice from 1899 until 1902. In 1902 he was appointed to U. S. Supreme Court by President Theodore Roosevelt, and he held that position until his retirement in 1932.

The function of the Supreme Court, according to the U. S. Constitution, is to decide cases and controversies. The cases it hears come to it in three ways. First, the Constitution defines two classes of cases that are in court's original jurisdiction, that is, that are heard without prior consideration by any other court. Such cases comparatively few are those in which a state is a party and those effect foreign ambassadors and ministers.

The Supreme Court occupies a stately marble building in Washington, D. C., where its annual term runs from October to June. The court sits for four hours daily, Monday through Wednesday, to hear cases and to hand down decisions . Oral argument, usually limited to one half hour for each side, permits council to summarize and clarify positions taken in the written briefs, and allows the justices to put questions.

Marshall was born in Baltimore, Maryland, and educated at Lincoln University and at Howard University Law School. Marshall first practiced law in Baltimore, specializing in civil rights cases. He was a strong influence for blacks who felt that an Afro-American could be more than just an actor, singer, drug dealer etc.

Clarence Thomas was also an A

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