Islam
Islamic civilization has been the last great world civilization to appear to date. The fundamental ideas and values of Islam have their roots in Muhammad's recitation of the Qur'an from the city of Mecca. Despite the simplicity of this single event, Islam spread far beyond its Arabian beginnings. As a result of the Arab conquests of the seventh century, many people were attracted to the unity of this Islamic society. The rise of Islam as an international tradition of religious, political, and social principles and institutions is one of the greatest revelations of all time.In the fifth century C.E. a merchant aristocrat called Muhammad from Mecca claimed to have received a divine prophecy from God's messenger, Angel Gabriel. This prophecy is known as the Qu'ran. Mecca was a thriving commercial town that was a pilgrimage site where Ka'ba stood and was the center of the caravan trade. Mecca also held the origins of Islam. Muhammad was motivated to begin this new religious tradition because he saw what materialism and idolatry was doing to the world. After Muhammad's proclamation of God's last call to the people, him and his followers fled to Medina in 622 due to the religious persecutions they had received. This flight is k
The early Arab conquests began in 632 with Egypt and ended with Syria and Iran by 661. Islamic power stretched from the Atlantic Ocean to Central Asia by the middle of the eighth century. These conquests were so successful for many reasons. The Arabs' enemies were weakened by civil wars, Islamic warriors had the assurance of heaven because they would die in a jihad, or Holy War, and lastly, Muslims had a tolerance for the non-Islamic Jews and Christians. Arab Islamic armies conquered the lands from Egypt to Iran and united them under one rule. Roughly after 1000 C.E., Islam began to spread into the far stretches of the world. Islamic influences reached Northern India by warriors and trade merchants where an Arab and Persian cultural mix called Urdu-Hindi formed. Islam spread to Southeast Asia by trade routes and to Sub-Saharan Africa. Islam had its greatest influence in the Western Sudan of Africa in the three kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. These three successor kingdoms became increasingly Islamic and a culture and language mix called Swahili resulted. In South Africa, the Great Zimbabwe's control of gold allowed its people to come in contact with the Islamic community. The enormity of the sprea
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Approximate Word count = 816
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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