theory of evolution through the process of natural selection. Herbert Spencer

was the major philosopher of biological and social evolution. Spencer's work

significantly influenced 19th century developments in biology, psychology,

sociology and anthropology. While Darwin was influential in the fields of

natural history and geology, his theory of evolution created great controversy.

He changed the way people thought about the role of humans in the natural world.

Although these two men made advancement in the theory of evolution they had

contrasting views regarding anthropological study.

Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who first solidly established

the theory of organic evolution, in his work, The Origin of Species. Darwin was

born in Shresbury, Shropshire on February 12, 1809. His grandfather, Erasmus

Darwin, was a famous English scientist and poet. In 1825 the young Darwin went

to Edinburgh University to become a doctor. The same year, however, he

transferred to Christ's College in Cambridge in order to become a clergyman.

During this time he befriended a man of science, John Steven Henslow. It was

frequent bug bites in the Pacific. Darwin died on April 19, 1882 and was buried

societies. There is a regulative system or the central nervous system in an

slowly weeded out. The accumulation of adaptations to a particular ecological

Spencer believed in survival of the fittest in order to create a heterogeneous

altering life through a selective death rate (2:57-58)." He concluded that with

descendants. He did not think that acquired characteristics or survival of the

Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)