Like so much of present day society, the railroad, as we know it, was a product of the industrial revolution. This revolution depended on a source of power for the new machines being developed. Initially, running water was used to turn paddle wheel, but as factories became larger and more numerous, more power was needed and new

sources of power became necessary. As a result, steam became more widely used. With the invention of Thomas Newcomen's steam powered pump developed for removing water from mines and James Watt's great

In order to prevent possible arguments, von Gestner gave the examples of American railways and the Linz-Budweis Railway to show that they could operate under severe winter weather conditions. He also stated that no other country could benefit from railways as much as Russia, due to its geography. The relatively flat terrain made railways easy to build and the large distances needed to be crossed made them efficient to operate.

took place using it's river system. The river system in Russia provided the fastest and most reliable means of transportation available throughout the summer months, when it's roads were impassibly muddy. The 18th and early 19th centuries were the golden age of river transport in Russia. Since Russia has few large navigable rivers, extensive canal systems had to be constructed. Although these canal systems greatly improved transportation in Russia, the movement of goods was still slow and uncertain.

wasn't until the late 19th century that Russia began to develop as an industrial nation. Their political state at that time was didn't provide for individual entrepreneurs or large privately owned corporations. However, with the introduction of the railroad to Russia, the economy grow to a completely unpredicted high. "The flurry of incorporation in railroads, the largest companies in terms of authorized capitalization, drove the annual total of corporate capital to nearly four rubles per capita in 1871, a figure never again equaled, even in the corporate booms of the 1890s and the five years prior to World War I." (Owen 27) Railroads brought a new promise to Russia. They tied a nation together that otherwise would have been hugely separated. After the completion of major railroad lines, Russia had access to valuable ports which opened the doors for national production to boom. Communication lines were opened up between cities and Russia's military was now able to travel within it's borders faster than ever before. "In industry the production of coal and iron had been given priority. The most important coal

Before Nicholas the first came to power, railroads had not even been considered in Russia. Mines and factories in the Ural Mountains used small railways to move things short distances, just as they did in Europe and the United States. Many people tried to develop railroads but their ideas were not even recognized.

Then in October 1853 Turkey took action by declaring war on Russia. "The Franco-Russian dispute over the holy places in Palestine was the immediate cause of the Crimean War." (Rempel 1) The Crimean war thrust Russia into a period of war for many years. For Russia, the Crimean war was basically a war of attrition. Her supply lines extended hundreds of miles and due to a lack of sufficient infrastructure; her troop

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Approximate Word count = 1870
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)