Mild. The sea winds of Estonia help keep the weather from becoming very cold or hot. Temperatures average from about 19 to 28 F in January, and from 61 to 64 F in July. Estonia receives an average of about 19 to 23 inches of rain annually.
Estonia consists of low plains. Farmland covers about 40 percent of the country, 30 percent forests, and 20 percent swamps. Estonia has a total of 481 miles of coastline.
Estonia's literacy rate is above 96 percent. Tallinn is home to several universities and technical colleges. Students are required to attend school until the age of 14. Then they may go on to four years of high school or to a technical college to learn a trade.
Oil is the most important mineral resource. It is used as fuel for electrical power.
Estonia's major industries are agricultural machinery, chemica
April Fools Day (1 April) people play tricks on each other.
Independence Day (24 February) celebrates independence in 1918.
The Day of Souls (2 November) remembers the dead. Christmas (24-26 December)
Estonian people belong to the ancient Finno-Ugric tribe that had inhabited the region for thousands of years. Estonia became under Swedish control in 1561. It became linked to Russia in 1710. Estonia became independent in 1917. It remained independent for twenty-two years. Estonia was invaded in 1940 by the Soviet Union. Germany then took over from 1941-1944. The Soviet Union regained control and incorporated Estonia into the Soviet Union. Estonia's independence was restored in 1991.
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