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Memory

Memory is the capacity to store and retrieve information. In 1885 Herman Ebbinghaus a German psychologist, outlined a series of such extraordinary to motivate his new research with memory stating that when a person crams for a test they are more then likely not going to remember very much in a few days. Ebbinghaus's data added up to a convincing argument in favor of experimental exploration of memory. What was needed was a method, and Ebbinghaus invented an intelligent one. Ebbinghaus used nonsense syllables meaningless three-letter units consisting of a vowel between two consonants, such as CEG or DAX. He used nonsense syllables, rather than significant words, like CAT, because he hoped to retrieve a pure measure of memory, one uncontaminated by previous learning or associations that a person might bring to the experimental memory task. Not only did Ebbinghaus perform the experiment but he also used himself as a guinea pig. He performed the research procedures himself while also measuring his own performance. The test he had given himself was memorization of lists of varying length.


Ebbinghaus chose to use rote learning, memorization by mechanical repetition, to perform the task. To start the experiment Ebbinghaus began to read a list, reading each item one at a time until he was finished. Using the standard performance he began to read through the list in the same order over and over again, until he was able to recite the list in the correct order. After memorizing the list, Ebbinghaus then began to divert his attention to other lists memorizing them. Ebbinghaus measured his memory by seeing how many trials it took him to relearn the original list. If he needed fewer trials to relearn it than he had needed to learn it initially; information had been saved from his original study. Using savings as his measure, Ebbinghaus recorded the degree of memory remembered after different intervals. He found a quick initial loss of memory, followed by a gradually declining rate of loss. After Ebbighaus research, psychologists studied verbal learning for many decades by observing participants attempting to learn and recall nonsense syllables. By studying memory in as pure a

Some common words found in the essay are:
CEG DAX, Ebbinghaus German, , nonsense syllables, explicit memory, memory processes, information memory processes, personal collective past, collective past memory, past memory, collective past, implicit memory, trials relearn, implicit explicit, read list, information memory,
Approximate Word count = 734
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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