Music in the Romantic Period
The Romantic Period, lasting from about 1825 to 1900, saw the beginning of great individualism in music styles. The era consisted of great contrasts in both musical literature and musical esthetics, the branch of philosophy that deals with beauty and taste. The Romantic Era was the period marked by distinctive character of such music forms as the short intimate preludes, music that precedes a fugue or introduces an act in an opera, and the extraordinarily big concertos of Liszt. Romanticism derives its name from medieval "romances," which were tales and poems about heroic people written in the languages of those peoples instead of Latin which was used by scholars. The approach to life represented by romanticism greatly differed from that in the Classical Period. Classicism was objective and impersonal, operating under rules. Romanticism usually expressed freedom, tending to be personal and subjective. The entire nineteen century is generally referred to as the Age of Romanticism because the personal element in creative expression was so apparent. The Romantic Era began as a literary movement in Germany during the late eighteenth century. Romantic Ideas spread throughout Europe through about the next forty years. It bec
Before 1800, symphony orchestras were either small groups of musicians, usually employed by wealthy nobleman, or instruments joined together for a certain concert. However in the nineteenth century, orchestras were scheduled to give a number of concerts per year to subscribed audiences. Many musical styles emerged from styles that came before the Classical Era. Pieces called "sonata," "quartet," "concerto," and "symphony were associated with works of similar names by Mozart and Haydn. Yet the nature of these large forms changed greatly starting with Beethoven's Third Symphony, "Eroica." Thematic Contrast increased and movements became longer. The number of symphonies written by Beethoven, Schubert, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Brahms, Buckner, and Brahms combined were far less that the 104 written by Haydn. Often dominated by the powerful piano, chamber music also became a form of concert music. The string quartet also became a medium that demanded great skill and a large amount of rehearsal time. The art song became the true music of the period. Romantic composers saw the art song as a vessel for their emotions and usually conceived it for a singer and pianist. Franz Schubert's art songs became miniature dramas and the cycle of the song became a dramatic tapestry. The orchestra gave composers the ability to paint scenes ame the philosophy of not only poets, but of dramatists, painters, dancers and composers. Because of poetic inspiration, musical compositions were often named with descriptive titles and or complied to literary programs like paintings that attempted to illustrate stories. Romanticism can be thought of as a subconscious rebellion against the increasing Industrial Revolution and machines taking over work which some believe
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Approximate Word count = 1189
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)
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