The vote to ban striker replacements is arguably one of the most significant pieces of legislation within the history of labor. Since its presentation, there have been issues raised on both sides of the argument, as well as many of the related legal and management-related vagaries which have been raised with increased complexity. Democratic leaders have stated before a crucial vote, "We go to the floor, because we are right," said education and labor committee chairman William D. Ford, D-Michigan in reaction to concern as to whether or not the Democrats had enough votes to supersede the then President George Bush. During the Bush-Clinton Election, Majority Leader Richard A. Gephardt, D - Missouri, stated, "This is an issue that has large ramifications. It is also one of the top priorities for organized labor and there may not be a more critical matter that is presented by this Congress." (Zuckman, pp. 46)

From a philosophical perspective there exists the "rule utilitarian." It states since it maximizes the balance of good (pleasure and happiness), one should follow the rules since you are not hurting anyone. The principle of utility was construed as being both the test of which laws, actions, rules, and instructions are morally desirable, and as the source of justification of all true moral judgments. In determining what course of action is obligatory, a utilitarian would ask himself or herself, "Will this, of all possible actions, contribute most to the general happiness or good?" When considering whether to assent to a general rule of conduct, e.g. whether always to tell the truth , he will ask, "Would conformity with this rule lead to maximizing happiness?" For John Stewart Mill, if the answer is "no", he will reject the rule. This on a whole, conformity to the rule is likely to lead to greater general happiness, he may use the rule as a usual rule of thumb and even encourage the stupid and thoughtless always to confirm with the rule. Similarly with laws and conformity with the law, so too will subject all political and social institutions, such as the political organizations, the institutions of private property and the family, to test the role of utility. The fundamental principle of Mill's ethics reflect rule utilitarianism. 1) That pleasure and happiness are good or desirable in itself, and 2) That actions are a right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness of all concerned, wrong as they tend to promote unhappiness or pain. Today, John Stewart Mill is mainly remembered for his contributions to the ethical and social theory, in which his writings continue to exert an important influence. "Utilitarianism" (1863) was his effort to state and defend the view that "The greatest happiness of the greatest number" should be the aim of personal legislative conduct. However, he revised Bentham's version of utilitarianism by enriching the concept of pleasure. Although both Mill and Bentham believed that pleasure constituted happiness, Bentham had argued that all pleasures, physical or intellectual, were of equal value. Mill argued for the superiority of the "higher" pleasures of the mind. The earlier "On Liberty" (1869) was a statement of the principle that self protection alone can justify either the state's tampering with the liberty of the individual or any personal interference with another's freedom. Mill particularly argued his point of view with respect to freedom of thought and discussion. (Anschultz, pp. 8) Both Rousseau and Hume influenced Immanul Kant who placed much emphasis upon logic for his dictates. Kant held priori judgments were possible in mathematics and physics but not in metaphysics. Thus he felt it a mistake for the metaphysicians to attempt to go beyond sense experience in order to define concepts like God, freedom, or the amount of soul. All theoretical knowledge consists in applying the categories to perceptual material located in space and time, and t

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Approximate Pages = 14 (250 words per page double spaced)