The Lipizzaner breed is established on six foundation sires, whoses bloodlines remain in existence today. These stallions were Pluto, a grey Spanish stallion, foaled in 1765 and bought from the Royal Danish Sud; Conversano, a black Neopolitan stallion, foaled in 1767; Neapolitano, a brown Neoopolitan stallion, foaled 1790; Favory, a dun stallion. Foaled at the Kladruby stud in 1779; Maestoso, a grey stallion, foaled 1819 at the Hungarian stud of Mezohegyes; and Siglavy, a grey Arabian, foaled 1810 (Pickeral 32

Not many breeds are capable of performing such agile movements with the grace and responsiveness shown be the Lipizzaners. The comlex movements of the Airs above the Ground are seen in colts frolicking in the pasture. With years of trainig these movements are simply perfected. It is no wonder why they were the chosen breed of warriors in the early times of war. Their eagarness to please humans and the brillant minds of these magnificent horses make then one of the most desired breeds today. Their matchless dexterity is proven in both the beginning and final stages of training time and time again. Today, the Lipizzaner Stallions are performing at their home in Vienna thanks to the noble rescue of 1945.

8). Each stallion is represented by a particular symbol that is branded on the left shoulder of a six-month old foal. Colts get an additional brand of the left croup of the capital letter "P" underneath the Australian Crown, and registered foals are branded with a number on the right side of saddle indicating the register number. Lipizzans have been bred with Neopolitan, Danish, Arab, and German descents and have inhereited many ideal traits from these purebreds. Thouroubreds were introduced at one time, but the match was somewhat unsuccessful.

The beginning stages of training are crucial to a young Lipizzans. It sets the foundation for a young stallion that will guide it throughout its life. Many hours of intense training are spent with a young stallion. During these initial years the horse will be taught to work on the lunge. While working on the lunge the horse learns to obey commands and developes trust for his trainer. Lipizzaner Stallions are taught to move freely with a downward extended neck. This sample yet essential step will prevent inflexibility in later years that could impede the more complicated, notorious movements. His back muscles will develop as he is taught the precise way in which to carry himself. The rider will then progressively introduces her weight to her horses back after the three months of lunge work. This begins the training under saddle. During the training under saddle, young horses are taught to accept contact from the bit and respond to the rider's leg movements. The Lipizzan develops obedience to the whip and acceptance of the side reigns as well. As his training progresses, he learns the collected paces, and the lateral work, until eventually, after about seven years, he

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